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The battery, or electric cell, is a device that makes electricity from a chemical reaction. The word battery actually refers to a collection of electric cells, but the word is commonly used to describe just one. An electric cell consists of a negative electrode; an electrolyte, which conducts ions; a separator, an ion conductor; and a positive electrode.
Benjamin Franklin talked about ways to store electricity way back in the 1700’s. Then, in 1800, a guy named Alessandro Volta invented a thing called the voltaic pile. The voltaic pile is constructed of alternating discs of zinc and copper with pieces of cardboard soaked in brine between the metals. It was the first “wet cell” battery. In 1899, the first nickel-cadmium battery was invented. A year later Thomas Edison invented the alkaline storage battery. It was too big to have any real practical applications until a man named Lew Urry came up with a smaller version in 1949.
In the case of batteries, just like in a lot of other scientific applications, demand created a need. In the early fifties, Eastman Kodak introduced cameras with a built-in flash. The flash unit required more power than the old zinc carbon cells could provide. The cameras needed alkaline cells, but in a smaller, more compact size. Thus the AAA size of battery was developed to fit the need.
Another invention that was important to the development of the battery’s popular use was the flashlight; invented in 1898 by a guy named Joshua Lionel Cowen. Cowen’s early claim to fame was the invention of a fuse to ignite photographic flash powder. Later he would become famous for his obsession with toy trains, which originally were supposed to be toy cars going around a track, but that’s another story altogether.
Cowen had an idea for a lighting fixture for plants run by a dry cell battery that would last for thirty days. He mentioned the idea to Conrad Hubert, a salesman for the Eveready Company, and the flashlight idea was born.
So the battery has been around for a long time. Enter the 1980’s, when the Age of Computers was born. Once again, necessity reared its ugly, but productive head and became the mother of invention. Transistors allowed the behemoth, room-filling computers of yore to be compact enough to fit on a desk. The world was on the move and new and better batteries were developed for the space program. Pretty soon people wanted computers that were small enough to fit on your lap and be carried around. Although the first laptops weren’t anything like the notebooks of today, weighing in at a lap-squashing 25 pounds, new advances in battery technology soon made them small and light enough to carry in your briefcase.
I remember that the old flashlight and camera batteries would sometimes leak and damage your equipment. The new batteries are so powerful that they come with a drawback also: they can leak internally and then catch your computer on fire.
Japanese electronics makers Toshiba and Fujitsu are recalling batteries made by Sony for their laptop computers because they have been blamed for some of the computers catching fire. Dell has also expanded its earlier recall of Sony battery packs.
This brings the worldwide total of recalled batteries to around 7 million. All of this comes at a time when Sony, once one of the top manufacturers of electronics in the world, is in the midst of a major overhaul of its operations; closing plants, cutting divisions, and conducting layoffs.
The Toshiba recall involves Dynabook, Qosmio, Satellite Portege, and Tecra models. Dell, which is the world’s largest manufacturer of personal computers, announced last Friday that it was expanding its recall of Sony battery packs used in its computers to 4.2 million units from 4.1 million units. Dell suggests that all of their laptop users recheck their batteries if they haven’t ordered or received a replacement. IBM Corp. also announced last week a recall of 526,000 rechargeable lithium-ion Sony batteries purchased with their ThinkPad computers because one of them caught fire at the Los Angeles Airport this month.
Count Volta is probably electrochemically spinning in his grave right now.
from: Zioniahs Site
Occasionally you could possibly think about how great it will be to obtain a gizmo that can conduct the work of your cellular phone and the notebook together! And it comes in stylish design and comfy dimension! Well, your need is at the threshold of fulfilment.
Just sign on to the web and search for PDA mobile phones. They are the gizmo of your dream. Change your laptop using this type of ‘palm-top’ or do away with your mobile using this smartphone. This power-packed gadget has almost all the features of both these two gadgets.
The new PDA phones are a combination of the last Personal Digital Assistant and a cell phone. They are fast catching up popularity among the business and executive class together. It has also become a must-have device among the young urban workers as well as others connected with sales industry.
People who do the job in insurance, finance, and real estate need to be outside frequently and hence find it highly handy. It retains them became connected with the office and allows them to execute much of the company activities while on the move.
Through busy bureaucrat to shrewd business person, PDA phones have quickly won the heart of all. It is really nice to have the ability to monitor the process in the office while you are on your way to a new assignment. What makes this workable is using PDA phone which usually also known as smartphone.
The meaning of this type of cell phone may continue to vary, but the application is identical: giving access to the web as well as the office files that only a laptop can carry.
As time is passing by, PDA mobile phones are coming with more sophisticated capabilities and functionalities. So, in spite of giving you respite from carrying a notebook and keeping you connected, it may even be able to do some other amazing works for you in near future.
Carteen Array comes from Texas, United States. He has written several articles on Mobile Phones . You may want to check out his other guide on cell unlocked tips, and phone ring tones guide!
by SID (Photo by Jimmy Jones)
Record Overall: 39-13; SEC Record: 15-10
Record for the Week: 4-0
Current Win Streak: Six Games (Longest current streak in SEC)
Last Week
5/11: Vanderbilt 11, Louisville 10 (17)
5/14: Vanderbilt 13, Mississippi State 8
5/15: Vanderbilt 13, Mississippi State 7 (10)
5/16: Vanderbilt 14, Mississippi State 4
This Week (Buy Tickets)
Note: Thursday-Saturday Series
5/20: vs. Arkansas, 6 p.m. CT, Nashville
5/21: vs. Arkansas, 6 p.m. CT, Nashville
5/22: vs. Arkansas (SportSouth), 2 p.m. CT, Nashville
Vanderbilt went 4-0 on the week, capturing a thrilling 17 inning midweek showdown over Louisville (11-10) and then sweeping Mississippi State in Starkville for the team’s second straight SEC road series win … The Commodores have now won six in a row and seven of eight entering the final weekend of conference action.
VU is currently in fourth place overall in the league standings and can finish no worse than sixth by the end of play on Saturday … With Sunday’s win over Mississippi State, the Commodores clinched their fifth straight SEC tournament appearance and their seventh trip to Hoover in eight seasons under Tim Corbin.
The Commodores series sweep was the third straight over the Bulldogs and VU now has won 10 straight games against MSU … In two of the four games this week, the team rallied from a two-run ninth-inning deficit to tie the game and then won it in extra innings.
Vanderbilt's 40 runs scored this weekend ties for the most runs scored against an SEC opponent in a three-game series in school history. The Commodores have scored 40 runs against an SEC team only once and that happened in 2007 when they swept Florida in Nashville.
As a team VU hit .340 with seven homers, 24 doubles and 51 runs scored in four games (12.75 per game). Sophomore Jason Esposito had a record setting weekend at the plate this week, starting with his walk-off solo homer in the 17th inning against No. 8 Louisville on Tuesday. Esposito was on fire in the Commodores sweep over Mississippi State over the weekend going 8-for-11 (.727) with four doubles, six runs scored with seven walks and three stolen bases. He broke a 27-year old school record having reached base safely 15 consecutive times from Friday to Sunday (still active). Record was 14 set by Tim Brecht in 1983. On Sunday he walked five times tying the school single game record for base on balls last achieved in 1999. For the week he was 10-for-19 (.526) with five doubles, a homer, two RBI and nine runs scored with three stolen bases.
Brian Harris went 8-for-19 (.421) on the week with four doubles, a homer and five RBI. He walked seven times and was hit by a pitch twice giving him an NCAA best 31 on the year … Connor Harrell went 7-for-17 with two doubles, four RBI and six runs scored … Curt Casali was 6-for-17 (.353) with a homer, five doubles and five RBI … Joe Loftus went 7-for-20 (.350) with three doubles, three RBI and five runs scored … Andrew Giobbi was 8-for-24 (.333) with two homers, three doubles and 10 RBI … Bryan Johns went 4-for-9 (.444) with a double, triple, home run, two runs and four RBI in three games played.
As a team VU had a 5.20 ERA with 40 strikeouts and 18 walks in 45.0 innings. Jack Armstrong moved to 7-1 on the year with the Commodores lone quality start of the week. He allowed two runs on nine hits in seven innings with four strikeouts and two walks on Sunday … Will Clinard picked up the win against Louisville on Tuesday with six innings of relief. For the week he allowed two runs on four hits with five strikeouts and three walks in 6.2 innings of work … Richie Goodenow made two relief appearances and struck out five with a walk in four innings of one-hit scoreless work.
Vanderbilt will close out the regular season at home against Arkansas starting on Thursday. The team will recognize seven seniors prior to Friday night’s game.
Our adventure in backyard gardening has been a blessing to our family. Many mornings I wake to the creaking of the back door accompanied by a child's announcement of the morning's finding. A new tendril on the cantaloupe plant. The cilantro beginning to seed. The smallest visible change elicits an excitement particular to those who carefully observe the unfolding mystery of creation.
I logged into our little Amazon account this evening and found that many of you have purchased the square foot gardening book we are using. Others have emailed to let us know that they have been inspired to give a backyard garden a try. How fun! We're so glad that you're joining us. Please don't be shy about sending photos. We'd love to see them.
Since you're getting started, perhaps you'd like to print out a few of the pages we're using in our gardening notebook. You can download and print as many copies as you need for your notebook.
We divided our notebook into six sections: Lawn, Herbs, Fruits & Vegetables, Flowers, Shrubs, and Trees. Desiring a more frugal choice in notebook design, especially since this one will spend quite a bit of time outdoors, I picked up a Liberty of London 3-ring notebook, clipboard, and file folder set from Super Target. I sized and cut the file folders and made dividers out of them. It turned out quite lovely.
Lawn
The first section is dedicated to the care of our lawn. Reminders of when to feed the lawn and what to feed it, along with other helpful turf tips are filed behind this section.
Download Lawn Care Sheet
Herbs
We have one 4' x 4' garden completely filled with herbs (and a few marigolds to keep the bunnies away). I used the following table to chart the location of each of our plants. (For those who have asked, I create my charts by making a table in Pages.)
Download Herb Garden Chart
We included a few blank pages for each of the herbs growing in our garden. Keeping up with the details of the care of multiple varieties of plants can become overwhelming for a garden-newbie. These sheets are handy places to jot down notes. We created a sheet for each type of herb growing in our garden, but since it is likely that we are growing different varieties, I also made a set of three blank herb sheets for you.
Download Basil
Download Cilantro
Download Dill
Download Lavender
Download Lemon Balm
Download Mint
Download Parsley
Download Rosemary
Download Thyme
Download Set of Three Blank Herb Pages
Fruits & Vegetables
We used the same type of chart to keep track of the fruits and vegetables planted in two additional 4' x 4' gardens.
Download Fruit & Vegetable Garden Chart
Just as for the herbs, we created a series of pages for recording our notes and made a blank one as well.
Download Cucumbers
Download Melons
Download Onions
Download Peppers
Download Tomatoes
Download Blank Fruit Sheet
Download Blank Vegetable Sheet
Flowers
This week we seeded a 4' x 4' flower cutting garden, hoping for many varieties of sunflowers, daisies, and other summer blooms. We used the same chart to keep track of our planting.
Download Cutting Garden Chart
Between our front flower beds, multiple pots, a soon-to-be rose bed and the recently seeded cutting garden, we are finding it helpful to keep track of our blooms with separate sheets for annuals, perennials, and roses.
Download Annuals
Download Perennials
Download Roses
Shrubs
At this point we have only planted one type of shrub, Indian Hawthornes. We hope to plant more in future seasons, but until that time we printed out the following sheet to keep notes on their care.
Download Shrubs
Trees
We now have six trees as well as six crepe myrtles growing throughout our landscape. Each tree requires different care and we printed out the following sheet for each variety.
Download Trees
For those who are in the midst of organizing a garden notebook for your family, I found a helpful link while visiting my friend Leah's blog last week. This page includes free notebook printables as well.
Being new to this I have few helpful tips to offer. However, I think it goes without saying that being generous with the Theophany water is essential. I also recently discovered that there are many blessings in The Great Book of Needs for the growing and harvesting of food, everything from the blessing at the sowing of a seed to prayers for troubles with pesky creeping things. (Speaking of prayers for pesky things, this reminds me of the scene from Fiddler on the Roof when the villagers ask the Rabbi if there is a blessing for the Tsar. Of course! There is a blessing for everything! "God keep the Tsar…far away from us!")
We will definitely be calling upon Father to bless our gardens soon. We are hoping to eat this stuff after all!
Happy gardening!
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How much will this listening pleasure cost? A cool $40,000, but you will have 50 times the number of speakers as the Joneses. 
